4 min read•june 18, 2024
Avanish Gupta
Milo Chang
Avanish Gupta
Milo Chang
Using the that we have learned in the previous two topics, we can make many useful algorithms. Here, we will have a snippet for each you are expected to know with annotations for each.
You should come up with an example to use as you trace through the code below. This will help you gain a better understanding of how the algorithms work by allowing you to see the loops in action and what they are manipulating.
/** Finds the [maximum](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:Maximum) */ public static int maximum(int[] array) { int maxValue = array[0]; for (int number: array) { if (number > maxValue) { //if new max value found, replace current maxValue maxValue = number; } } return maxValue; } /** Finds the minimum */ public static int minimum(int[] array) { int [minValue](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:minValue) = array[0]; for (int number: array) { if (number < minValue) { //if new min value found, replace current minValue minValue = number; } } return minValue; }
Initializing the maxValue and minValue to 0 is a common mistake.
/** Sums up all elements in the array */ public static int [sum](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:sum)(int[] array) { int sum = 0; for (int number: array) { sum += number; //adds every element to sum } return sum; }
/** Finds the [mean](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:mean)/average of the array */ public static int mean(int[] array) { // find the sum of the array, can be replaced with sum algorithm from above int sum = sum(array); // then divide by number of items return (double) sum / (array.length); }
/** Finds the [mode](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:Mode) of an array **Prerequisite:** The array must have a mode */ public static int mode(int[] array) { int mostCommon = 0; int mostCommonFrequency = 0; //traverse through the first n-1 elements of the array for (int i = 0; i < array.length - 1; i++) { int currentFrequency = 1; //traverse through the array starting from the next element for (int j = i + 1; j < array.length; j++) { if (array[j] == array[i]) { // if any element matches current element being checked, add 1 to frequency currentFrequency++; } } if (currentFrequency > mostCommonFrequency) { // replaces current mode if new most common element mostCommon = array[i]; mostCommonFrequency = currentFrequency; } } return mostCommon; // can also be modified to return the frequency }
/** Determines whether all values are even */ public static boolean [isEven](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:isEven)(int[] array) { //Assume all values are positive first for (int number: array) { if (number % 2 == 1) { //If there is one value that is not positive, return false return false; } } return true; //No odd numbers were found }
/** Returns all consecutive sequences of length n in the array */ public static void [returnAllConsecutiveSequences](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:returnAllConsecutiveSequences)(int[] array, int length) { for (int i = 0; i <= array.length - length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) { //2 loops, one to get the starting number, the other to go through the sequences System.out.print(array[i+j] + " "); } System.out.println(); } }
/** Checks to see if there are duplicate elements */ public static boolean [duplicates](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:duplicates)(int[] array) { for (int i = 0; i < array.length - 1; i++) { //traverse through the array for (int j = i + 1; j < array.length; j++) { //traverse through rest of array if (array[j] == array[i]) { // if any element matches current element being checked, return true return true; } } } return false; // if this point reached, no duplicates found }
/** Returns how many even numbers there are */ public static int [evenFrequency](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:evenFrequency)(int[] array) { int numberEven = 0; for (int number: array) { if (number % 2 == 0) { // increments every time an even integer is found numberEven++; } } return numberEven; }
/** Shifts Elements One Index to the Left */ public static int[] [shiftLeft](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:shiftLeft)(int[] array) { int firstItem = array[0] for (int i = 0; i < array.length - 1; i++) { // Does the shifting array[i] = array[i+1]; } array[array.length - 1] = firstItem; return array; }
/** Shifts Elements One Index to the Right */ public static int[] [shiftRight](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:shiftRight)(int[] array) { int lastItem = array[array.length - 1] for (int i = array.length - 1; i > 0; i--) { // Does the shifting array[i] = array[i-1]; } array[0] = lastItem; return array; }
/** Reverses the array */ public static int[] [reverse](https://www.fiveableKeyTerm:Reverse)(int[] array) { int[] newArray = new int[array.length]; for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) { // places the items in the new array in opposite order of the original newArray[i] = array[array.length - i - 1]; } return newArray; }