19.3 Community disaster response and coordination

When disaster strikes, communities must respond swiftly and effectively. Incident Command Systems and Emergency Operations Centers play crucial roles in coordinating efforts. These structures ensure clear communication and efficient resource allocation among various agencies during crises.

Community involvement is key to disaster preparedness. Programs like Community Emergency Response Teams train volunteers in basic response skills. Mutual aid agreements between jurisdictions enable resource sharing. Effective planning for evacuation, shelter operations, and long-term recovery builds community resilience.

Incident Command and Coordination

Incident Command System (ICS) Structure and Roles

• ICS provides a standardized approach to the command, control, and coordination of emergency response
• Consists of a common organizational structure with defined roles and responsibilities
• Includes Incident Commander, Operations, Planning, Logistics, and Finance/Administration Sections
• Allows for a coordinated response among various jurisdictions and functional agencies (fire, law enforcement, medical)

Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Functions and Coordination

• EOC serves as a central location for coordination and support during a disaster
• Facilitates the collection, analysis, and dissemination of information
• Supports resource management and allocation decisions
• Coordinates with other agencies and organizations involved in the response
• Ensures effective communication and information sharing among all stakeholders

Interagency Coordination and Communication Protocols

• Establishes clear lines of communication and coordination among different agencies and organizations
• Develops and maintains interagency agreements and mutual aid agreements
• Utilizes standardized communication protocols and equipment (radio frequencies, terminology)
• Conducts joint training and exercises to enhance interagency coordination and familiarity
• Ensures the integration of various response plans and procedures across agencies

Community Response and Support

Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) Training and Deployment

• CERT program trains volunteers in basic disaster response skills (fire safety, light search and rescue, medical operations)
• Volunteers can assist in their neighborhoods or workplaces following a disaster
• CERT members can provide immediate assistance until professional responders arrive
• Helps to build community resilience and self-sufficiency
• Deployed under the direction of local emergency management officials

Volunteer Management and Coordination

• Establishes a system for recruiting, screening, and training volunteers
• Assigns volunteers to specific roles and responsibilities based on their skills and abilities
• Ensures the safety and well-being of volunteers during disaster operations
• Coordinates the deployment and demobilization of volunteer teams
• Maintains accurate records of volunteer hours and contributions

Mutual Aid Agreements and Resource Sharing

• Establishes agreements with neighboring jurisdictions and organizations for the sharing of resources and personnel
• Identifies available resources (equipment, supplies, expertise) that can be shared during a disaster
• Defines the terms and conditions for requesting and providing mutual aid
• Ensures the reimbursement of costs associated with mutual aid assistance
• Conducts regular reviews and updates of mutual aid agreements

Disaster Operations

Evacuation Planning and Procedures

• Develops and maintains evacuation plans for various hazards and scenarios
• Identifies evacuation routes, assembly points, and transportation options
• Establishes procedures for the notification and guidance of the public during an evacuation
• Coordinates with law enforcement and transportation agencies to manage traffic flow
• Ensures the provision of assistance to individuals with disabilities or special needs

Shelter Operations and Management

• Identifies and assesses potential shelter locations (schools, community centers, churches)
• Establishes procedures for the activation, operation, and demobilization of shelters
• Ensures the provision of basic needs (food, water, bedding) and essential services (medical care, mental health support)
• Manages shelter staff and volunteers, including training and scheduling
• Coordinates with other agencies and organizations to provide additional resources and support

Recovery and Resilience Planning

• Develops and implements plans for short-term and long-term recovery following a disaster
• Assesses the impacts of the disaster on the community (housing, infrastructure, economy)
• Identifies priorities and strategies for rebuilding and restoration
• Engages community members and stakeholders in the recovery planning process
• Incorporates mitigation measures and resilience-building activities into recovery efforts
• Ensures the equitable distribution of resources and support to all affected populations