3 min read•july 25, 2024
Sentences are the building blocks of language, conveying thoughts and ideas through different structures. From simple declarations to complex combinations of clauses, sentences serve various functions in communication, allowing us to make statements, ask questions, give commands, and express emotions.
Clauses form the backbone of sentences, with independent clauses standing alone and dependent clauses providing additional information. The relationships between clauses, along with conjunctions and pronouns, create intricate sentence structures that enable nuanced expression in language.
Declarative sentences make statements or assertions end with a period typically precedes the verb (The cat is sleeping)
Interrogative sentences ask questions end with a question mark often begin with question words (who, what, where, when, why, how) may involve subject-auxiliary inversion (Is the cat sleeping?)
Imperative sentences give commands or make requests often begin with a verb subject (you) is usually implied can end with a period or exclamation point (Go to sleep!)
Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions or sudden outbursts end with an exclamation point may have irregular syntax (What a beautiful cat!)
Simple sentences contain one express a complete thought (The dog barks)
Compound sentences contain two or more independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) can be connected using semicolons (The dog barks, and the cat meows)
Complex sentences contain one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses dependent clauses cannot stand alone as complete sentences (While the dog barks, the cat sleeps)
Subordinating conjunctions introduce adverbial clauses (because, although, if, when, while, since) indicate relationships such as time, cause, condition, or contrast (After the movie ended, we went home)
Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses (who, whom, whose, which, that) refer back to a noun or pronoun in the main clause (The person who called earlier left a message)
Types of subordinate clauses formed:
Function of subordinate clauses provide additional information or context establish logical relationships between ideas create more complex and nuanced sentences (Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk)