A system of government where all powers are held by a central authority or national government. Local governments exist but derive their powers from the central authority.
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Federalism: A system of government where powers are divided between a central authority and regional or state governments, each having their own areas of jurisdiction.
Devolution: The transfer of powers from a central government to regional or local governments, allowing them more autonomy in decision-making.
Centralization: The concentration of power and decision-making authority in a central government or authority.