Europe's political landscape refers to the complex network of political systems, ideologies, and power dynamics that characterized the continent from the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 to the onset of World War I in 1914. This period was marked by revolutions, the rise of nation-states, and the struggle between various political ideologies, including liberalism, nationalism, and socialism, as countries navigated the challenges of modernization and sought to redefine their identities.