Late-17th century

Definition

The Late-17th century refers to the period from 1660 to 1700, marked by significant political, social, and economic changes in Europe. This era was characterized by the development of the balance of power among European nations, as well as the rise of global markets influenced by colonization and trade. The interplay between emerging nation-states and global commerce set the stage for future conflicts and economic systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Late-17th century saw the emergence of modern nation-states in Europe, as countries sought to consolidate power and expand their influence through diplomacy and military strength.
2. The balance of power concept gained traction during this period, leading to alliances and conflicts as states aimed to prevent any one nation from becoming too dominant.
3. Trade routes expanded significantly, fueled by the growth of colonial empires, which created a more interconnected global economy.
4. Economic theories such as mercantilism became prominent, guiding policies that favored state control over trade to enhance national wealth.
5. The Late-17th century also marked cultural developments, including advancements in science and philosophy, influenced by the intellectual movements like the Enlightenment.

Review Questions

• How did the concept of balance of power shape political relations among European nations during the Late-17th century?
  • The balance of power shaped political relations in the Late-17th century by encouraging alliances and coalitions among nations to counteract the dominance of any one state. This led to a series of wars and treaties aimed at maintaining equilibrium in Europe. The idea that no single country should become overwhelmingly powerful led to a more complex diplomatic landscape, influencing both international relations and domestic policies.
• Analyze how mercantilism influenced trade practices in Europe during the Late-17th century and its effects on colonial expansion.
  • Mercantilism significantly influenced trade practices by promoting policies that encouraged exports while limiting imports. Nations implemented tariffs and established colonies to secure raw materials and markets for their goods. This economic approach not only fueled colonial expansion but also intensified competition among European powers, leading to conflicts over trade routes and territorial claims in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
• Evaluate the long-term implications of the Late-17th century developments in European politics and economics for the 18th century and beyond.
  • The developments of the Late-17th century laid crucial groundwork for future political and economic transformations in Europe. The balance of power concept would become a defining feature of European diplomacy in the 18th century, leading to major conflicts like the War of Spanish Succession. Additionally, mercantilism set the stage for capitalist practices that would emerge later. The rise of nation-states and increased global trade dynamics would influence not only European affairs but also have lasting effects on global economic systems and colonial relationships well into the modern era.

Related terms

Mercantilism: An economic theory that emphasizes the role of the state in managing international trade and promoting exports over imports to accumulate wealth.

Treaty of Westphalia: A series of treaties signed in 1648 that ended the Thirty Years' War and established principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity among European states.

Absolute Monarchy: A form of government in which a single ruler holds absolute power, often justified by divine right, with no checks or balances from other governing bodies.