Latter Part

Definition

The latter part refers to the final phase of a specific period or event, often highlighting significant shifts or transformations that occur as time progresses. In the context of 18th-century states, this term emphasizes the changes in political, economic, and social dynamics that marked the transition from earlier practices to modern governance structures.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The latter part of the 18th century saw the rise of Enlightenment ideals, which challenged traditional forms of governance and promoted individual rights.
2. Many states began to shift from absolutist monarchies towards constitutional governments during this period, reflecting a significant change in political thought.
3. The latter part also experienced significant social upheaval, including revolutions and movements that sought to redefine power structures within society.
4. Colonial empires began to feel the pressure for reform as subjects demanded more representation and autonomy, leading to changes in colonial policies.
5. The economic theories prevalent in the latter part emphasized trade expansion and wealth accumulation, which influenced state policies and international relations.

Review Questions

• How did Enlightenment ideas influence the political landscape in the latter part of the 18th century?
  • Enlightenment ideas significantly shaped the political landscape by promoting concepts such as liberty, equality, and the social contract. Thinkers like John Locke and Rousseau inspired individuals to question absolute rule and advocate for democratic governance. This intellectual shift laid the groundwork for revolutions, as people began to demand more representation and rights from their rulers.
• In what ways did absolutism face challenges during the latter part of the 18th century?
  • Absolutism faced increasing challenges from both philosophical critiques and practical demands for political reform. As Enlightenment thinkers criticized absolute monarchies for their lack of accountability, many citizens began to rally for constitutional frameworks that limited royal power. This tension led to significant political changes, including revolutions where absolutist rulers were overthrown or forced to share power.
• Evaluate the impact of mercantilism on global trade patterns in the latter part of the 18th century and its connection to emerging economies.
  • Mercantilism profoundly impacted global trade patterns by encouraging nations to focus on accumulating wealth through trade surpluses and resource extraction. In the latter part of the 18th century, this economic model began transitioning toward more free-market practices as countries recognized the benefits of competition. The shift indicated an emerging awareness of economic interdependence among nations, laying groundwork for modern economic systems and fostering an environment conducive to industrialization.

Related terms

Enlightenment: An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of traditional authority.

Absolutism: A political system where a single ruler holds absolute power over the government and is not bound by laws or constitution.

Mercantilism: An economic theory prevalent in the 16th to 18th centuries that emphasized state regulation of the economy to enhance national power.