Jim Crow Laws: Jim Crow laws were state and local laws in place from the late 19th century until the mid-20th century that enforced racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans in many parts of the United States.
Ku Klux Klan (KKK): The KKK is a hate group founded during Reconstruction that aimed to maintain white supremacy through acts of violence, intimidation, and terrorism against African Americans and other minority groups.
Fourteenth Amendment: The Fourteenth Amendment is an amendment to the U.S. Constitution that grants citizenship rights and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves.