Super PACs: Independent expenditure-only committees that can raise unlimited amounts of money from individuals, corporations, unions, or other groups but cannot directly coordinate with candidates.
Citizens United v. FEC (2010): A Supreme Court case that removed restrictions on independent political expenditures by corporations and unions, leading to increased influence of money in politics.
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA): Also known as the McCain–Feingold Act, it was a law passed in 2002 that aimed at regulating campaign financing by banning soft money contributions and placing restrictions on issue advocacy advertisements.