Political Participation: Political participation encompasses all forms of citizen engagement in the political process, including voting, campaigning, protesting, and joining political organizations.
Civic Engagement: Civic engagement refers to citizens' involvement in their communities through volunteering, community service, and participating in local government activities.
Public Opinion: Public opinion represents the collective views and attitudes of individuals within a society on various issues. It influences policy decisions and can be shaped through citizen involvement such as surveys or town hall meetings.