Strict Scrutiny: This is a high level of judicial review used when assessing laws that potentially infringe upon fundamental rights. It requires the government to show a compelling interest for the law and that it is narrowly tailored to achieve that interest.
Intermediate Scrutiny: This level of scrutiny is applied when evaluating laws that involve important but not necessarily fundamental rights, such as gender-based classifications. The government must demonstrate that the law serves an important governmental objective and is substantially related to achieving that objective.
Rational Basis Test: This is the lowest level of scrutiny used in constitutional analysis. It applies when reviewing laws involving economic regulation or social welfare issues. Under this test, the law will be upheld if it has a rational relationship to any legitimate government interest.