Incarceration rates: This term refers to the number of people who are currently serving prison sentences. It is often used as an indicator of crime rates within a society.
Recidivism: Recidivism is when someone who has previously been convicted of a crime reoffends after being released from prison or completing their sentence.
Criminal justice system: The criminal justice system encompasses all institutions involved in enforcing criminal law including police departments, courts, correctional facilities (prisons), probation agencies, etc.