Criminal justice reform involves changes in policy and laws with an aim towards improving fairness, efficiency, and effectiveness within a country's criminal justice system.
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Sentencing Reform: This refers to efforts aimed at changing sentencing laws and practices which may have led to unfair punishment or overpopulation in prisons.
Prison Overcrowding: A situation where there are more prisoners than can be accommodated comfortably within available prison space leading often leading to poor conditions and services.
Recidivism Rate: The rate at which released prisoners return back into prison usually due to committing another crime.