Incorporation is a constitutional doctrine that allows the Bill of Rights to be applied to state laws, not just federal ones. This is done through the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause.
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Selective Incorporation: This is a constitutional doctrine that ensures states cannot enact laws that take away the constitutional rights of American citizens that are enshrined in the Bill of Rights.
Due Process Clause: A clause in the 14th Amendment stating no state can "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."
Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the US Constitution which outline fundamental American civil liberties and protections.