Government Accountability: This term refers to how responsible a government is for its actions - similar to how a teacher would be held accountable for their teaching methods and fairness towards students.
Transparency in Government: This means that the government's actions are open and clear to the public - just like when a teacher clearly explains grading policies so there are no surprises later on.
Public Policy: These are laws or rules made by the government which reflect what it believes is in the best interest of citizens - akin to school rules set by teachers aiming at creating an optimal learning environment.