Excavation: Excavation is the process of carefully digging and removing layers of soil or sediment at an archaeological site to uncover artifacts and other remains.
Stratigraphy: Stratigraphy is the study of rock layers (strata) in order to determine their relative ages and understand how different artifacts or remains are positioned within those layers.
Radiocarbon Dating: Radiocarbon dating is a method used by archaeologists to determine the age of organic materials by measuring the amount of carbon-14 remaining in them.