Hierarchy: In this context, hierarchy refers to a system of ranking or organizing urban settlements based on their importance or function within the centralized pattern.
Zoning: Zoning refers to dividing an area into specific zones for different types of activities or land use, such as residential, commercial, or industrial zones.
Core-periphery: The concept of core-periphery describes the relationship between a central core area and surrounding peripheral areas that depend on and interact with it economically, socially, and politically.