Ethnocentrism: Ethnocentrism refers to evaluating another culture based on one's own cultural standards rather than trying to understand it from its own perspective.
Diffusion: Diffusion is the spread of ideas, innovations, or cultural traits from one society or region to another through various means like trade or migration.
Acculturation: Acculturation is the process by which individuals or groups adopt the cultural traits of another society while still maintaining some aspects of their own culture.