Paradigm: A paradigm refers to an accepted model or way of thinking within a particular field. It shapes how researchers approach problems and interpret data.
Theory: In academic terms, theories are explanations based on evidence that help us understand complex phenomena in various fields. They often build upon doctrines but may incorporate additional perspectives.
Methodology: Methodology refers to the systematic approach used in research or investigation. It includes the techniques, tools, and procedures employed to gather and analyze data.