Total Fertility Rate (TFR): TFR measures the average number of children expected to be born per woman during her lifetime within a particular population.
Replacement Level Fertility: Replacement level fertility refers to the average number of children needed per woman for a population to replace itself from one generation to the next without migration. Typically, this level is around 2.1 children per woman.
Fertility Transition: Fertility transition refers to the shift from high fertility rates to low fertility rates in a population. It often occurs due to changes in social, economic, and cultural factors that impact reproductive choices.