Fertility refers to the ability or rate at which individuals within a population can reproduce. It measures how many children on average each woman is expected to have during her reproductive years.
Related terms
Total fertility rate (TFR): A statistical measure representing the average number of children born to a woman over her lifetime in a particular population.
Replacement level fertility: The fertility rate needed for a population to replace itself without migration, typically around 2.1 children per woman.
Pronatalist policies: Government measures aimed at increasing birth rates or encouraging people to have more children.