Feedback Loop: A feedback loop is when output from one part of a system circulates back into another part as input. It creates ongoing interactions between components within an interdependent system.
Complex Adaptive Systems: These are dynamic systems composed of numerous interacting elements that adjust their behavior based on feedback from other elements or external influences.
Supply Chain: A supply chain represents all stages involved in producing and delivering a product to consumers. It involves various interdependent entities such as suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers.