Geographical isolation: Geographical isolation occurs when physical barriers such as mountains or deserts separate communities, making it challenging for them to connect with the outside world.
Digital divide: The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have access to technology and internet connectivity and those who do not. Isolated communities often experience this divide.
Marginalization: Marginalization is the process by which certain groups are pushed to the fringes of society and denied equal opportunities, leading to their isolation from mainstream communities.