Replacement Level Fertility: Replacement level fertility refers to the level at which each generation replaces itself without any increase or decrease in population size. It is typically around 2.1 children per woman in most countries.
Family Planning: Family planning involves making informed decisions about when, how many, and whether to have children through access to contraception methods and reproductive healthcare services.
Demographic Transition Model: The demographic transition model describes the historical shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as countries undergo industrialization, urbanization, and socioeconomic development.