Demographic Transition Model: A model that explains how populations change over time as countries undergo industrialization and development. It suggests that birth rates decline after improvements in living conditions.
Population Pyramid: A graphical representation of a population's age-sex structure. It helps analyze demographic trends such as birth rates, death rates, and life expectancy.
Neo-Malthusianism: An updated version of Malthus' theory that includes factors like environmental degradation and resource depletion as reasons for population control.