Demographics: Statistical characteristics of human populations such as age distribution, gender ratio, ethnic composition etc., which can have significant impacts on population dynamics.
Population Growth Rate: The rate at which a population increases (or decreases) over a specific period of time. It is determined by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate and accounting for net migration.
Carrying Capacity: The maximum number of individuals an environment can sustainably support over a long period of time. It is influenced by factors such as food availability, resources, and environmental conditions.