Internet of Things (IoT): IoT refers to the network of physical devices connected to the internet that collect and exchange data. In smart cities, IoT allows for interconnectedness between different systems like transportation, energy management, and public services.
Big Data Analytics: Big data analytics involves examining large volumes of data to uncover patterns, correlations or other insights. In smart cities, big data analytics is used to identify traffic patterns, optimize transportation routes, and predict future congestion.
Sustainability: Sustainability refers to meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Smart city technologies can be used to promote sustainable practices such as efficient energy usage or reducing carbon emissions.