Deadweight loss refers to the economic inefficiency that occurs when the quantity of a good or service produced is less than the socially optimal quantity. It represents the loss of consumer and producer surplus due to market distortions.
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Socially Optimal Quantity and Price (D=MC): This term refers to the point where demand equals marginal cost, resulting in maximum social welfare.
Price Ceiling: A price ceiling is a government-imposed maximum price set below the equilibrium price, leading to shortages and potential deadweight loss.
Consumer Surplus: Consumer surplus is the difference between what consumers are willing to pay for a good or service and what they actually pay.