Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): This technique measures changes in blood flow in different regions of the brain, providing information about brain activity.
Positron emission tomography (PET) scan: This imaging technique involves injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream, which allows researchers to track metabolic processes in specific areas of the brain.
Electroencephalogram (EEG): An EEG records electrical activity generated by neurons in the brain, helping researchers understand patterns of neural activity associated with specific tasks or mental states.