Confirmation bias: This is the tendency of people to seek out information that confirms their pre-existing beliefs, while ignoring or dismissing contradictory evidence.
Cognitive dissonance: This term describes the discomfort experienced when a person holds two conflicting beliefs simultaneously, leading them to engage in mental gymnastics to resolve this conflict.
Heuristics: These are mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that humans use when making decisions, often based on past experiences or limited information.