Electroencephalogram (EEG): A tool used to measure electrical activity in the brain by placing electrodes on the scalp. It provides a visual representation of brain waves.
Event-related potential (ERP): A technique that uses EEG to measure changes in electrical activity in response to specific stimuli or events, providing insight into cognitive processes.
Magnetoencephalography (MEG): Another tool used to measure electrical activity in the brain, but it detects magnetic fields generated by neuronal activity rather than using electrodes.