Heritability: Heritability refers to the extent to which differences in a trait can be attributed to genetic factors. For example, if intelligence has a high heritability, it means that genetics play a significant role in explaining differences in intelligence among individuals.
DNA: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries genetic information in all living organisms. It serves as a blueprint for building and maintaining our bodies, including influencing our cognitive abilities like intelligence.
Twin Studies: Twin studies are research studies conducted with twins to examine the relative contributions of genetics and environmental factors on specific traits. By comparing identical twins (who share 100% of their genes) with fraternal twins (who share only 50% of their genes), researchers can estimate how much genetic influence there is on certain traits like intelligence.