Genotype: Genotype refers to an individual's complete set of genes inherited from their parents. It determines the potential range of traits that an individual can express.
Heritability: Heritability is a statistical estimate that measures how much variation in a specific trait within a population is due to genetic differences between individuals rather than environmental influences.
Twin Studies: Twin studies involve comparing similarities between identical twins (who share 100% of their genes) and fraternal twins (who share about 50% of their genes) to determine the relative contribution of genetics versus environment for specific traits or behaviors.