Control Group: A control group is a group of participants in an experiment who do not receive the treatment being tested. They serve as a baseline comparison for measuring the effects of the treatment.
Independent Variable: The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed by the researcher in an experiment. It is what researchers believe will cause changes in the dependent variable.
Random Assignment: Random assignment refers to the process of assigning participants to different groups (experimental or control) randomly. This helps ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group, reducing bias in results.