Sleep deprivation: The state of not getting enough sleep over an extended period. It can lead to cognitive impairment, mood changes, and decreased performance.
Insomnia: A common sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. It can result in daytime fatigue and impaired functioning.
Circadian rhythm: The internal biological clock that regulates our sleep-wake cycle. Disruptions in this rhythm, such as shift work or jet lag, can affect sleep patterns.