Action Potential: An action potential is a brief electrical impulse or spike that travels along the axon of a neuron, resulting in the release of neurotransmitters at the synapse.
Saltatory Conduction: Saltatory conduction refers to how electrical impulses "jump" from one node of Ranvier (unmyelinated region) to another in myelinated axons, significantly increasing their speed compared to non-myelinated axons.
Synaptic Transmission: Synaptic transmission is the process by which information is passed from one neuron to another across a synapse using chemical messengers called neurotransmitters.