Homeostasis: Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain internal stability despite external changes. It involves keeping physiological variables within certain limits to ensure optimal functioning.
Fight-or-flight response: The fight-or-flight response is an automatic physiological reaction triggered by a perceived threat or stressor. It prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, releasing stress hormones like adrenaline, and redirecting blood flow to essential organs.
Allostatic load: Allostatic load refers to the cumulative wear and tear on the body due to chronic exposure to stressors. It encompasses both immediate physiological responses and long-term consequences of ongoing stress.