A synapse is a tiny gap at which nerve cells (neurons) communicate with each other. Information from one neuron flows to another neuron across this small space.
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Neuron: A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; essentially, it's a nerve cell.
Neurotransmitter: These are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another 'target' neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.
Receptor Site: These are specific areas on dendrites or neurons designed to receive specific neurotransmitters.