The term refers to the system of governance established by a colonizing power in a colony. It involves the imposition of political, economic, and social control over the indigenous population.
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Imperialism: The policy or practice of extending a nation's power by gaining control over other territories.
Viceroyalty: A territorial division ruled by a viceroy on behalf of a monarch.
Encomienda System: A labor system used during colonization where indigenous people were forced to work for Spanish settlers in exchange for protection and religious instruction.