Null Hypothesis

Definition

The null hypothesis is a statement of no effect or relationship between variables in a statistical analysis. It assumes that any observed differences or associations are due to random chance.

Related terms

Alternative Hypothesis: The alternative hypothesis is the opposite of the null hypothesis and suggests that there is an effect or relationship between variables.

Type II Error: Type II error occurs when we fail to reject a false null hypothesis, meaning we mistakenly conclude there is no effect or relationship when there actually is one.

One-tailed Test: In a one-tailed test, we focus on detecting an effect in only one direction (e.g., greater than or less than).