Null Hypothesis: The null hypothesis states that there is no significant difference or relationship between variables being tested.
Alternative Hypothesis: The alternative hypothesis states that there is a significant difference or relationship between variables being tested, opposite to what the null hypothesis suggests.
P-value: The p-value represents the probability of obtaining results as extreme as observed, assuming the null hypothesis is true. If the p-value is below a certain threshold (e.g., 0.05), we reject the null hypothesis.