Test Statistic

Definition

A test statistic is a numerical value calculated from sample data that is used to make inferences about a population parameter. It measures the discrepancy between the observed data and what would be expected under a specific hypothesis.

Related terms

P-value: The p-value is the probability of obtaining results as extreme as (or more extreme than) the observed data, assuming that the null hypothesis is true.

Hypothesis Testing: Hypothesis testing is a statistical procedure where we use sample data to make decisions about whether to accept or reject a claim about a population.

Confidence Interval: A confidence interval is an estimate of an unknown population parameter along with an indication of how confident we are in that estimate.