World War II: A global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945, involving many nations and resulting in significant political, social, and economic changes.
Cold War: The state of tension and rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union from approximately 1945 to 1991, characterized by ideological differences rather than direct military confrontation.
Decolonization: The process by which colonies gained independence from their colonial powers, leading to significant geopolitical shifts in various regions around the world.