Annexation: The act of incorporating a territory into another country. (e.g., The annexation of Hawaii by the United States in 1898)
Open Door Policy: A policy proposed by the United States that advocated for equal trading rights with China and opposed territorial division among foreign powers. (e.g., The Open Door Policy aimed to protect American trade interests in China)
Monroe Doctrine: A US policy introduced in 1823 that proclaimed opposition to European colonization efforts in the Americas. (e.g., The Monroe Doctrine warned European powers not to interfere with newly independent Latin American nations)