Boxer Rebellion

Definition

The Boxer Rebellion was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial uprising that took place in China between 1899 and 1901. It was initiated by the "Righteous Harmony Society," also known as the "Boxers," who sought to rid China of foreign influence.

Historical Context

The Boxer Rebellion emerged in China from 1899 to 1901, fueled by anti-foreign and anti-Christian sentiment. It was a violent uprising led by the "Righteous and Harmonious Fists" (Yihequan or Boxers), who were opposed to foreign imperialism and the spread of Western and Japanese influence. The rebellion targeted foreign diplomats, nationals, and Chinese Christians. Key entities involved included the Qing Dynasty, various Western powers, and Japan.

Historical Significance

The Boxer Rebellion significantly impacted China's relationship with the world. The intervention of an eight-nation alliance to suppress the uprising led to the signing of the Boxer Protocol in 1901, which imposed severe penalties on China, including indemnities and concessions. These events exacerbated internal pressures on the Qing Dynasty, contributing to its downfall in 1912. Moreover, it highlighted the growing nationalistic sentiments against foreign dominance in China and set a precedent for future resistance movements.

Related terms

Opium Wars: These were two wars in the mid-19th century involving Great Qing and the British Government over British trade in China (specifically opium) and China's sovereignty. The disputes included the First Opium War (1839–1842) and Second Opium War (1856–1860).

Treaty of Nanking: This treaty ended the First Opium War, signed on 29 August 1842 between United Kingdom and Qing dynasty. It was an unequal treaty that benefited Britain, opening up Chinese ports for trade.

Taiping Rebellion: A massive rebellion or civil war in China that lasted from 1850 to 1864 fought between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Christian millenarian movement of the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace.