The civilizing mission was a rationale for intervention or colonization, purporting to contribute to the spread of civilization, and used mostly in relation to the Westernization of indigenous peoples during the Age of Discovery.
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Colonialism: A practice of domination involving the subjugation of one people to another. It is related because "civilizing missions" were often used as justifications for colonial rule.
Imperialism: A policy or ideology by which a nation extends its power by acquiring territories. It can also include the exploitation of these territories for economic gain. This term is related because "civilizing missions" were often part of imperialistic strategies.
Cultural assimilation: The process in which individuals or groups of differing ethnic heritage are absorbed into the dominant culture of a society. It's related because "civilizing missions" often aimed at cultural assimilation.