Assimilation: Assimilation refers to the process in which colonizers impose their culture and values onto indigenous populations, eroding local traditions and identities.
Resource extraction: Resource extraction involves the exploitation of natural resources from colonized territories for the benefit of the colonial power.
Indirect rule: Indirect rule is a colonial policy where local elites are appointed as intermediaries between the colonizer and indigenous population, maintaining some traditional structures while still serving the interests of the colonial power.