Inflation: Inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over time. It reduces the purchasing power of money.
Trade Imbalances: Trade imbalances occur when one country imports more goods than it exports (trade deficit) or exports more goods than it imports (trade surplus), leading to economic disparities.
Fiscal Mismanagement: Fiscal mismanagement refers to poor handling of public finances by governments through excessive spending, corruption, or inefficient taxation policies.