The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications built along an east-to-west line across northern China, primarily to protect against invasions from nomadic tribes.
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Qin Dynasty: The dynasty that started building the Great Wall; they're like your parents who decided to build a fence around your house for protection.
Ming Dynasty: This dynasty did major renovations on the wall; they're like if you decided to upgrade your wooden fence to a high-tech security system.
Nomadic Tribes: These are groups that move from place to place instead of settling permanently. They were often seen as threats by settled societies. In our analogy, these would be like stray animals or intruders trying to get into your yard.