Territory: An area under jurisdiction but not fully incorporated into a governing body such as statehood within USA.
Pacific Theater: The term used during World War II to describe military activity in Pacific Ocean regions, where Guam was strategically important.
Spanish-American War: A conflict between Spain and America in 1898 that ended Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and resulted in U.S. acquisition of territories including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine islands.